Technical data for Lead

Overview
NameLead
SymbolPb
Atomic Number82
Atomic Weight207.2
Density11.34 g/cm3
Melting Point327.46 °C
Boiling Point1749 °C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point327.46 °C
Boiling Point1749 °C
Absolute Melting Point600.61 K
Absolute Boiling Point2022 K
Heat of Fusion4.77 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization178 kJ/mol
Heat of CombustionN/A
Specific Heat127 J/(kg K)[note]
Thermal Conductivity35 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000289 K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density11.34 g/cm3
Density (Liquid)10.66 g/cm3
Molar Volume0.000018272
Brinell Hardness38.3 MPa
Mohs Hardness1.5 MPa
Bulk Modulus46 GPa
Shear Modulus5.6 GPa
Young Modulus16 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.44
Speed of Sound1260 m/s
Thermal Conductivity35 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000289 K-1

Reactivity
Valence4
Electronegativity2.33
ElectronAffinity35.1 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
715.6, 1450.5, 3081.5, 4083, 6640 kJ/mol

Health and Safety
Autoignition PointN/A
FlashpointN/A

Classifications
Alternate NamesPlumbum
Nams of AllotropesNone
Blockp
Group14
Period6
Electron Configuration[Xe]4f145d106s26p2
ColorSlateGray
Discovery
4000 BC
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7439-92-1

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity4.8×106 S/m
Resistivity2.1×10-7 m Ω
Superconducting Point7.2

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeDiamagnetic
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility-1.5×10-9
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility-3.11×10-10
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility-0.000017

Abundances
% in Universe1×10-6%
% in Sun1×10-6%
% in Meteorites0.00014%
% in Earth's Crust0.00099%
% in Oceans3×10-9%
% in Humans0.00017%

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius154 pm
Covalent Radius147 pm
Van der Waals Radius202 pm
Crystal StructureFace Centered Cubic
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice Constants
495.08, 495.08, 495.08 pm
Space Group NameFm_ 3m
Space Group Number225

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
LifetimeStable
Stable Isotopes
204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb
Isotopic Abundances
204Pb1.4%
206Pb24.1%
207Pb22.1%
208Pb52.4%

Notes on the properties of Lead:
Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.