Technical data for Vanadium

Overview
NameVanadium
SymbolV
Atomic Number23
Atomic Weight50.9415
Density6.11 g/cm3
Melting Point1910 °C
Boiling Point3407 °C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point1910 °C
Boiling Point3407 °C
Absolute Melting Point2183 K
Absolute Boiling Point3680 K
Heat of Fusion22.8 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization453 kJ/mol
Heat of CombustionN/A
Specific Heat489 J/(kg K)[note]
Thermal Conductivity31 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion8.4×10-6 K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density6.11 g/cm3
Density (Liquid)5.5 g/cm3
Molar Volume8.3374×10-6
Brinell Hardness628 MPa
Mohs Hardness7 MPa
Vickers Hardness628 MPa
Bulk Modulus160 GPa
Shear Modulus47 GPa
Young Modulus128 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.37
Speed of Sound4560 m/s
Thermal Conductivity31 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion8.4×10-6 K-1

Reactivity
Valence5
Electronegativity1.63
ElectronAffinity50.6 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
650.9, 1414, 2830, 4507, 6298.7, 12363, 14530, 16730, 19860, 22240, 24670, 29730, 32446, 86450, 94170, 1.023×105, 1.127×105, 1.216×105, 1.307×105, 1.434×105, 151440 kJ/mol

Health and Safety
Autoignition PointN/A
FlashpointN/A

Classifications
Alternate NamesNone
Nams of AllotropesNone
Blockd
Group5
Period4
Electron Configuration[Ar]3d34s2
ColorSilver
Discovery
1801 in Mexico and Sweden
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7440-62-2

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity5×106 S/m
Resistivity2×10-7 m Ω
Superconducting Point5.4

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeN/A
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility6.28×10-8
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility3.199×10-9
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.0003837

Abundances
% in Universe0.0001%
% in Sun0.00004%
% in Meteorites0.0061%
% in Earth's Crust0.019%
% in Oceans1.5×10-7%
% in Humans3×10-6%

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius171 pm
Covalent Radius125 pm
Van der Waals RadiusN/A
Crystal StructureBody Centered Cubic
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice Constants
303, 303, 303 pm
Space Group NameIm_ 3m
Space Group Number229

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
Stable Isotopes
51V
Isotopic Abundances
50V0.25%
51V99.75%

Notes on the properties of Vanadium:
Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.